Lecture in Pakistan Ordnance Factories
Ordnance Club, Wah Cantt
11 Nov. 1972
My dear Allama Yousuf Sahib,
Your letter apropose of your wish to deliver a lecture at Ordnance Club has been passed down to me by the Chairman. As you are aware we are in a Defence installation where morale and security aspects matter most. I am therefore writing this to request you to kindly make it convenient to call at the undersigned in his office on any working day between 9.A.M. and 12 Noon so as to further discuss the subject matter.
Thanking you for the interest you have shown in our well-being and whishing you will success in your noble mission.
I am yours sincerely,
(S.D. Mir)
Superintendent/ Stores & Vice President Ordnance Club
Allama Mohammad Yousuf Gabriel,
C/o Malik Sher Baz Qtr. No. 9 F-32, Wah Cantt.
Ordnance Club Wah Cantt Lecture By Mohammad Yousuf at 6.30 P.M. On Saturday the 16th November, 1972
Allama Muhammad Yousuf Gabriel (a renowned religious divine and a research scholar from Ulema Academy Lahore) will deliver a lecture on “QURAN AND ATOMIC HELL” in the Ordnance Club Hall on Saturday 18th November, 1972 at 6.30 .P.M.
Mr. Ibnul Hasan Financial Adviser Ordnance Factories Wah Cantt has kindly consented to preside.
Club members, their families and colleges and school staff and students of Wah Cantt are all cordially invited to attend this lecture and to participate in the discussion which will follow this talk.
For the interest and information of the audience the Maulana Sahib has kindly agreed to reveal the content and substance of his correspondence with Sir Bertrand Russell on the above subject.
SECRETARY
Tel: 2335
The Text of The Speech of Allama Muhammad Yousuf Gabriel about the World’s Trend toward the Atomic Ruin. (Quran and Atomic Hell Topic)
In this brief, very brief Speech , I will not be able to show more than a mere glimpse of all that which I have to show to this world, a world which according to a factual, scientific analysis is surely doomed to ruin, a universal ruin in the flames of the atomic hell, naturally, justly, deservedly. This world in spite of all the wishful thinking, optimism and ostriching must either vanish suddenly under the hails of atomic weapons, deservedly, or perish slowly, lingeringly, miserably under the swarms of the atomic radiations, also, deservedly. No protection from either the atomic bombs or the atomic radiations is a possibility. No peace treaties will be of ever-lasting avail in an atmosphere of ever-increasing and never abating and universal anarchy till the scientific process of this modern Baconian atomism working in accordance with unfailing and inexorable natural laws has reached its final stage and burst into the flames, all-consuming flames of all atomic hell, atomism via atom to atomic hell. Such a surmise, if it appears so terrible, so pessimistically denunciative, then let it be known, that Late Bertrand Russell too had arrived at the same conclusion in 1964 when He communicated to me a single sentence which read: - " Since Adam and Eve ate the apple, man has never abstained from any folly that he was capable of, and the end is atomic bomb."
Thus to Bertrand Russell this world was doomed to the atomic ruin. I too like Bertrand Russell would have died in disappointment about the end of this mankind. But my discovery of the Prophetic warning of the Quran about the atomic hell in the year 1961 rescued me from the similar fate, and thereby I realized that an escape from the atomic ruin was a possibility for this mankind in the light of that warning which was in the Quran, and which was by the sheer Grace of Almighty Allah exposed to me, and is hitherto known to neither a Muslim nor anon-Muslim anywhere in the world.
That an antique book fourteen centuries in the past, should treat the subject of atomic science, and scientifically characterize the nuclear phenomenon giving such characteristics of the atomic phenomenon as distinguish it from the rest of the phenomena, chemical, electrical and gravitational, is something which would come as no mild surprise to the modern atomist and radio-biologist, while the fact that the same book, in the same era and in the same context should characterize the culture of modern Baconain atomism is something which would cast the modern philosopher in reverie. And again, that the same book in the same passage should constitute a link between the atomism and the atomic hell that is the atomic bombs and atomic radiations would leave an Aristotle and a Plato, the two celebrated antagonists of atomism aghast with wonder. The affair is such that serves as an outstanding example to show the difference between the human and divine intellect. The difference which the intellects of the caliber of Einstein, Russell, Aristotle and Plato, would best see, they themselves being some of the most outstanding intellect among the human beings.
This prophetic warning of the Quran thus is the only hope in this all-pervading, a universal and ever--increasing darkness in a world which willy-nilly is being dragged towards the brink of the atomic hell to be consumed. It was on 5th May 1980 that I in good faith dispatched an article containing the characterization of atomic phenomenon by the Quran, to fifteen of the leading physicists all over the world for attestation and on promise that in case the characterization was attested as correct, I would declare to the world the name of the book as well as the formula of neutralizing the atomic bombs and atomic radiations as may be formulated from the text of the passage concerned. Following is the list of the names of these celebrities:-
1. Dr. Edward Teller, the well-known maker of the Hydrogen Bomb.
2. Mr. Gerald Frederick Tape, M.Sc. Ph.D.
3. Mr. Wolfgang Kurt Hermann Panofsky, A.B. Ph.D. All the three of America.
4. Sir Denys Haigh Wilkinson, K.T.D. Sc., PhD. Sc. D.F.R.S., University of Sussex.
5. Rendel Sabastian Pease, M.A. Sc. D.F.R.S.
6. Sir Arthur Vick. K.T.OBED, D.Sc. D.LLD, DCL, F Inst. P.IEE MRIA. All the three of Great Britain.
7. Statens Karnkraft Inspecktion, Stochkohlm Sweden.
8. International Atomic Energy Karntner, Vienna, Austria.
9. Robert Pompe of Germany.
10. Jacques Yvon of France
11. Nobufusa Saito D.Sc.
12. Yukawa Hideki D.Sc.
13. Sasaki Yoshitake. All the three of Japan.
14. Andrev Dmitriyevick Kakaro of USSR.
15. The Chairman department of atomic energy government of India.
The response was, that Shirely Petty Secretary to Dr. Teller sent back the article that I may be able to send it to someone else, for Dr. Teller was on extended travel and would be traveling most of the rest of the year also.
R.S. Pease of England, and Lennart Gillijan of Swedish nuclear power inspectorate, acknowledged the receipt of my letter. Other assumed reticence. Why? This recalls to my mind the case of Muller. H.J. Muller to whom is due the profound, epoch making discovery of the induction of mutations by ionizing radiation in 1927. It is a curious commentary on our times that Muller's paper, originally prepared for the Geneva Conference on the Peaceful Uses of that Nuclear Energy (August 1955) could not be presented and discussed at the Conference. Why? Because the discovery in question was regarded as detrimental to those who wanted to move on the path of my discovery. My offer, however, still holds good to the entire community of the atomists all over the world. Herein is opened a new and novel vista of research for the scientist and the philosopher with the hope of redemption of this mankind from a most grievous and most painful doom in the flames of the atomic hell.
Although it is for the scientist physicists and radio-biologists to really appreciate the characterization of the atomic phenomena, yet the measure of complexity is not such that would make the whole thing incomprehensible to a man of average education and understanding. We will now read the entire text of the Prophecy which is as follows:-
"Woe to every backbiter, defamer, who amasseth wealth (of this world) and arrangeth it (against the future). He thinketh that his wealth will render him immortal. Nay, for, verily he will be cast into Al-Hotama. And what could teach thee what Al-Hotama is? It is kindled fire of Allah which leapeth up onto the hearts. It is (a fire) closed in on them in outstretched columns" (Quran-CIV-104 Al-Homaza)
Now the characteristic features of the atomic phenomenon according to the Quran are:-
1. That it is crusher, for the term Hotama literally means a crusher.
2. That it is fire and is fire of Allah
3. That it is a fire which leaps up onto the hearts.
4. That it is a fire which is closed in on them.
5. That it raises outstretched columns.
6. And that it is a phenomenon too complex and terrible, just as is apparent from the question, what could teach thee what al-Hotama is?
These and exactly these are the characteristics of the nuclear phenomenon, and are the characteristics which distinguish the nuclear phenomenon from all the rest of the phenomena, chemical, electrical and gravitational. We have now to show in the light of atomic science that these are exactly the characteristics of the atomic phenomenon. The Quran has said:-
"Hotama". And what could teach thee what Hotama is? It is fire of Allah enkindled which leaps up onto the hearts. It is (a fire) closed in on them in outstretched columns."
We will treat these points one by one, believing that those among you who do not know atomic science will also be able to follow the theme. The validity of the facts of atomic science included cold be confirmed by the atomist as well as the text books of atomic science.
1. The Quran says" Hotama". Hotama is a pure Arabic word derived from the root-verb Hotama, which means to break something into pieces or to shatter it. Hotama is a descriptive noun and means a breaker or crusher. That the Quran should call a fire by the name of breaker would at once call to the mind of the scientist the German term 'BREMSSTRAHLUNG" which literally meant breaking radiation and was applauded as highly descriptive by the atomists when first coined by the German for continuous spectrum of rays. Not only this, but it has to be observed that the characteristics of breaking or crushing is one of these particular characteristics of the atomic phenomenon which distinguish it from all the rest of the phenomena, chemical, electrical or gravitational. Mark the atomic energy appearing by breaking the binding of the atomic nucleus. Atomic and only the atomic energy is generated in this manner and none other. Not only this, but further, the atomic phenomenon may be regarded as the absolute crusher, since it’s breaking and crushing is of a nature absolute. Atoms once crushed could not be reconstructed by any method of synthesis. Nucleus once disintegrated could not be rearranged in its original form by any means or method. So completely absolute is the crushing involved in the atomic actions and reactions that the destruction of both the basic building block of the universe that is atom and basic unit of life that is the cell is involved. This again is a characteristic which distinguishes the atomic phenomenon from all the rest. Not only this but further the atomic radiations that are inherent in the very nature of the atomic phenomenon, show the identical traits of breaking and crushing. In inanimate matter they break the atomic nuclei and cause transmutations of atoms by changing the form of the nuclei. In living bodies, they attack the cell nucleus and break the chromosomes thereof.
The heat flash of the atomic bomb explosion falls with a crushing impact like lightening on the body and kills the heart of its victim with the shock. The blast of the atomic bomb is terrible crusher of structures, while the radiations of the atomic bomb explosion carry out the process of crushing in the usual way. The first two features may be observed in the conventional bombs also. But what is the crushing wrought by the conventional bombs to that wrought by the atomic bomb?
The traits, that of breaking and crushing on the part of atomic phenomenon may be observed with conspicuity in all the standard text books of atomic physics that may be found replete with terms like "bombarding, crushing, smashing, hitting, breaking" etc. In the description of the actions and reactions of atomic phenomenon. Likewise the standard text books of radio biology may be found replete with phrases like "Target concept, direct action, indirect action, snapping the cable with a bullet, breaking the chromosomes", and sentences like " radiations hit the cells like sledge hammer and crush them", while describing the actions and reactions of radiations to this may be added the words of Rutherford that expressed his astonishment at the crushing trait of the atomic particles. After his famous experiment in which he had bombarded the gold foil with alpha particles, he wrote in this diary, " It was as incredible as if you fired a 15 inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you. It was the most incredible moment that ever happened to me in my life."
Lastly back to the question of the phonetic and functional identity exiting between the word atomic and Quran's Hotamic. The former being coined or adopted by the scientist and the latter by the Quran. Atom no longer means something indestructible, while Hotama of the Quran means a destroyer and both are concerned with the act of breaking. Do mark the sound of the two words. It appears to be one word. Is this then a mere coincident? No the exact characterization of the atomic phenomenon by the Quran excludes the possibility. Rather it appears that he who coined the term Hotama, had before his eyes, indeed supernatural penetrating eyes, the entire theme of atomic phenomenon and all the future ages. The term Hotama being neither Greek nor English enhances the wonder at being so similar a term as atomic even in the Arabic tongue. What to that name could be given to this fact if not a miracle? The tremendousness of the crushing capacity of the atomic bomb and atomic radiation is as conspicuously great that needs no allusion.
2. The Quran says" Hotama is fire of Allah enkindled". This point involves no complexity. Atomic phenomenon produces energy. Energy produces heat. Heat produces fire. The association of fire with atomic bombs and radiations is a well-known fact. But why Allah should associate this particular fire with His own name is the question. The colossal magnitude of atomic fire as well as its incredibly high temperatures might be the consideration. Again if this mankind is consumed eventually by the flames of the atomic bombs or the effects of radiations, as retribution then rightly this fire may be regarded as the wrath of Allah enkindled. This is a fact which takes the mind of every thoughtful man to the causes and the effects of this great problem. Will this mankind be able to avoid that atomic war for ever or will it be able to guard itself from the hazards that are apparently incident on the existence of the factor of atomic radiation, are the questions that demand the attention of every man that is endowed with the faculty of thinking.
3. The Quran says "Hotama is a fire which leaps up onto the hearts" Here then is a characteristic of the atomic phenomenon which may be regarded as one most distinctively characteristic and the one that distinguishes the atomic phenomenon from every other. But this point of the Quran is proved by merely calling the atomic phenomenon by its characteristics name that "The nuclear phenomenon". The nuclear phenomenon is called as nuclear because its actions appear in the nucleus (heart) of the atom. That, in no other phenomenon, chemical, electrical or gravitational, the actions take place in the nucleus of the atom is well known. The nucleus therein in all non-atomic phenomena remains untouched to the end. But how the point of leaping up onto the hearts is proved is the question. The Quran has used the word, "hearts" while the scientist has used the word, "Nucleus". But the scientist himself uses the word "Heart" for the nucleus. The heart with nucleus thus is a synonym. The Quran has not spoken amiss. That the scientist frequently and most aptly uses the word heart to signify the nucleus, may be found in the standard text books on atomic physics. Two out of scores of examples will suffice:-
a.) “Each fast particle comes from the break-up of the very heart of the single atom (the nucleus) of the radioactive material". (Vide Physic: Physical Science Study Committee---second edition---D.C. Heath and Company Lexington, Massachusetts, July 1965 page 130)
b) "How many heart-beats are in the life-time of a radioactive nucleus which lasts only billionth of a second"? (Ibid Page 21. Short Problems)
Edward Teller spoke in the year 1939, of taking energy from the heart of the atom. The entire field of action of the atomic that is: the nuclear phenomenon is within the nuclei of the atoms. The fission as well as the fusion process both take place within the nuclei of the atoms of the fissile and fusile material. The best spectacle, however, of the leaping up onto the hearts that is the nuclei, and the best proof of the word of the Quran may be seen in the case of the Thermonuclear action, wherein the heat produced in the inner fission device is being directed onto the hearts, that is the nuclei of the outré fusile material. Remarkable in itself is the term "Thermonuclear" in its purport. It clearly means a fire which laps up onto the nuclei that is the hearts.
The atomic radiations not only show the nuclear characteristics by having their actions within the nuclei, whether in inanimate matter or whether in the living body, but further by showing a particular attraction for the heart or whatever in the body is related to the heart. They present the point of the Quran touching the heart in a manner as quaintly suggestive as deserves the notice of scientist. Radiations affect the coordination of the function at a level where it is beyond the control of the brain, Bone-marrow and all the blood-forming organs are more sensitive to the effects of radiations than the brain, the nerves and the muscles. Multi-cellular organisms are more sensitive to radiation than the unicellular. This fact may be attributed to the better development of the circulatory and respiratory system of the multi-cellular organism. The blood relation of the circulatory and respiratory systems with heart is known. The action of radiations is retarded in the absence of oxygen and again the blood relation of oxygen with heart is known. Heat flash of the atomic bomb kills its victim through shock to the heat. Mark the factor of blood relation in all these above mentioned instances.
4. The Quran says" Hotama is a fire closed in on them". The atomic phenomenon shows encompassing characteristics distinctly. The fallout enclosures of the local and global kind, the tenacity of the bone-seeking radioactive materials, the appearance of cancer six to thirty years aftermath that exposure to radiation, the appearance of the effects of radiation on the cell in anaphase inspite of the attack of radiation on the cell in its resting stage, the encompassment of the whole body by radiation inspite of the irradiation of one organ only, the survival of the lethally irradiated frogs for many months instead of dying in the usual time interval of three to six weeks if kept in a dormant state at a low temperature just above freezing point, conditional to the appearance of radiation symptoms as soon as the frogs are warmed up and then the occurrence of their death in the usual time interval that of three to six weeks, and Alexander Haddow’s suggestion that the cancer-producing action of the cancer-producing substances might be the result of prolonged interference with normal growth, and the encompassment of mankind to generations by radiation, even to the point of extinction through long-term radio-genetic effects, and thereafter the encompassment of the earth by radiation for millions of years due to the wide-spread radioactive substances, and also the encompassment of earth by radiation in the age of full-fledged atomic energy for peace, are some of the facts that indicate the distinct encompassing features of the atomic phenomenon.
5. The Quran says" Outstretched columns". Besides the symbolically distinctive features of the outstretched column associated with the atomic bomb explosion, the world of radioactivity may be seen as a world of columns. The 4 centimeter rise of an alpha particle if seen in comparison to its tiny size with the height it has assumed, may be regarded as to have constituted a column. The Cosmic rays may be regarded to have risen in columns whose dizzying heights might cause hem mind to reel.
The Quran says" What could teach thee what Al-Hotama is?" Judging from the complexity of the nuclear science the same question may be put to the nuclear scientist and the answer would invariably be. Nothing. The terribleness of the atomic phenomenon is besides.
Now if this characterization of the atomic phenomenon, the most complex of the natural phenomena is correct, and it certainly is correct, then what reason there remains for a scientist to deny the possibility of a miracle? How he could deny this miracle to the Quran. Again if none other than God himself could know the phenomenon of the atomic hell at the time when the Quran was revealed, then surely no more irrefutable proof of the divine original of the Quran could be needed.
We cannot leave the first part of this warning of the Quran about the atomic hell un-mentioned, for both the parts from an indissoluble entity and are interlinked inseparably. Also the topic cannot be complete with the treatment of the warning in Toto.
The text of the first part of the warning is:-
"Woe to ever backbiter, defamer, who amasseth wealth (of this world) and arrangeth it (against the future). He thinketh that his wealth will render him immortal. Nay, for verily he will be cast into Al-Hotama".
Herein then may be found the characterization of this culture of modern science guided Baconian atomism. These characteristics, namely, slander, engrossment in wealth accumulation, and a faith in the eternity of this process of wealth-accumulation are not only the particular characteristics of this modern Baconian culture, but also form the basic cause of the appearance of the atomic hell, that is atomic bombs and atomic radiations. Indeed Aristotle and Plato, though strongly antagonistic to the theory of Atomism, could not have seen so far as to find a link between atomism and atomic bombs. Here again is a point which differentiates between the greatest of the human intellects and the divine intelligence. Quran could see so far.
We will now show that the characteristics before-mentioned are exactly the characteristics of this modern culture of Baconian atomism:-
1. The Quran says" Back-biter defamer". This is the age of slander, universal slander which has been intellectualized and named propaganda. This is a peculiar feature of this age.
2. The Quran says" He amasseth wealth (of this world) and arrangeth it (against the future)". No better description could be made of this modern, science-guided, continuous, systematic, organized, ever-increasing, infinite and universal process of wealth-accumulation and its systematic arrangement for future, known by the name of progress. This is a peculiar and particular feature of this age.
3. The Quran says" He thinketh that his wealth will render him immortal" Mark the faith of this age in the infinite continuity of this progress through five yearly plans to the ultimate goal of self-sufficiency. And see their solicitude about the continuity and stability of the monuments of progress and property. They behave as if they have to live forever in this world.
4. The Quran says, " Nay, for verily he will be cast into Al-Hotama (the atomic hell)". Atomic hell (the atomic bombs and atomic radiations) is the incapable, logical end of these characteristics. The notion of eternity on the part of the backbiting wealth accumulator is thus falsified.
The people of this particular age, even if they escape the atomic war and atomic radiations, they will not escape the Hotama, that is the atomic hell of the next eternal world, because the causes of both this transient atomic hell and the eternal atomic hell (Al-Hotama) are the same. This transient atomic hell of this world is the representation of the eternal Hotama of the next eternal world.
This warning of the Quran is the only hope of this mankind and is as the Noah's Ark for this deluge of atomic fire. No anti-atomic movement in the world can achieve success nor could a religion be completely promulgated without adopting the guide-lines appearing in this warning.
This 36 word prophetic warning of the Quran has taken me nineteen years to treat, and now the following volumes in English are ready with me for publication, as a test of the Muslim and the Non-Muslim world.
Gabriel's extinguishing the atomic hell series.
Volume-1. Quran predicts, characterizes and averts the atomic hell.
Volume-2. Atomic-energy-for-peace a curse.
Volume-3. Quran versus atomism, ancient and modern.
Volume-4. An Essay on Bacon's life in reference to his philosophy.
Volume-5. Quran versus Sir James Jane's "Mysterious Universe.
Volume-6. Democritus enkindles, Abraham extinguishes the atomic hell.
Volume-7. Quran sounds its nuclear warning about the atomic hell.
Volume-8. A Quranic design of the neutralizer of the atomic hell and my mission therein.
Volume-9. Atomic Hell the logical consequence of Baconian philosophy.
Volume-11. Atomic hell, Baconian philosophy, Anti-Christ, Quran and Abraham.
Volume-12. Relation between the Quran and the Bibles.
Volume-14. Gabriel's Islamic bomb.
Fourteen volumes in Urdu languages are besides these in English, on various topics.
I had written letters in this respect to the King of Saudi Arabia, and Secretary General of UNO and to His Holiness Pope Paul II and to Allamah Mohammed Asad Tangier, and to the Presidents of Libya, America and Russia, and to the Prime Ministers of India, Canada and Japan, and the Sheikhs of Arab Emirates and late Ayatollah Khumaini of Iran. The Replies of Pope and the prime Minister of Canada I had received from the rest I am waiting an answer.
The Question arises, why a man in my position and my circumstances should submit to such tortuous ordeal for forty years for nothing? The answer to this question is that in 1942, my 25th and the year of Fermi's successful realization of Uranium Fission Chain Reaction in Chicago; I was in Mussayyib in Iraq recommended by the Green Turbaned Saint Al-Khedhr to Abraham for the Abrahamic Mission in a dream. The mission ultimately proved to be that of warning this mankind against the hazards of atomic hell. And it is my conviction that this mankind will be saved from the atomic doom. I at the time of my dream had but negligibly meager knowledge, but thereafter like a man proposed I learned languages, literatures, philosophies, sciences and scriptures, indeed without a school or a teacher, and was throughout obliged to work for living. No Bunyan could find a heart to narrate this forty yearlong affective pilgrimage, nor could a Freud find a method to subject my intellectual achievements to psycho-analysis. I have no claim on my dream. Rather let my work be read. A conference of the eminent atomists and Radio biologists, and the publication of these volumes is the necessity. Difficulties are great, but God be on my side to help. My appeal in this connection is to entire mankind for the sake of their children and their children's children. Einstein in 1939 invited the attention of Roosevelt towards the possibility of making a bomb a million times more powerful than the conventional bomb I now invite the attention of the elite to a possibility of destroying that bomb for the safety of mankind.
Benjamin Creme of London, sought his Christ, Lord Maitreya in Brick lane, East London among the Pakistani Community, and could not find him there. It was the mission of stopping the third world war that Benjamin Creme had assigned to his expected Christ. Declining outright any such title or nomenclature precedence I declare to this mankind my mission which is the annulment of the possibility of atomic ruin of the world. An Astrologer of Pakistan by the name of Ghazi Munaajjim has declared the presence of a spiritual personality like that of Benjamin Creme's lord Maitreya in the Punjab itself, a province of Pakistan, but cannot tell who or where, yet believes that his presence itself will set the things aright in the world. I say a substantial process and revolution will be necessary to save this world from the atomic ruin.
And now before I bring this speech to its end, let me point to a very relevant and yet very strange coincidence, it was in September 1963, two years after my discovery of the prophecy of the Quran about the atomic hell, that Miss Annie M Schimel, a renowned German Scholar, delivered a series of lectures in the Punjab University Lahore. Her last lecture was about the origin of the Quran. And it was this last lecture that I by a mere chance happened to attend. Her view was that the Quran could not have been the word of Allah, because according to her there were mistakes in it, and because it was for man to err and because God could never err, therefore the Quran cold not have been regarded as the word of Allah and obviously it was the work of the prophet of Islam. It was there that I found a chance to point to the prophecy of the Quran about the atomic bomb, and there I explained thereto to her as a sure proof of Quran's divine original, for it was not for man to know this in those days when the Quran, was being revealed, and it was God only who could have known it then, and therefore it was the word of God only that the Quran could have been. My thanks are due to Miss Anne Marry Schimmel for the manner in which she then convinced me of the truth and the efficacy of the prophecy in question. And now in the end let us all pray to God that He through this boundless Mercy save this mankind from the painful and disgraceful atomic doom which now confronts us all. Amen.